Total Alkilinity
Total Alkalinity (TA) is the measurement of the amount of alkali present in
your pool water. It plays an important part in the control of your pool's pH
level, so if you find that you can't control your pH level easily, test your
Total Alkalinity. It can easily be measured with a swimming pool testing kit.
Ideally you should aim for a level between 80 and 150 mg/l (ppm).
pH Levels
Establishing and maintaining the correct pH is important to determine how
effective the chlorine in your pool is, prevent corrosion or scaling up of
pool equipment and to ensure the comfort of bathers. The ideal pH level is
7.2 – 7.6. If the pH value is too high, then the effectiveness of the
disinfection process (when using chlorine) is reduced. Scale formation may
occur, the water could become cloudy and the capability of the filter might be
reduced due to blockage. A pH value less than 7 indicates a greater acidic
than alkaline content. If the pH value is too low, it is probable that
corrosion will occur around the pools fittings. Most importantly, a low pH may
lead to skin and eye irritation.
Calcium Hardness
Hardness is the measurement of the amount of calcium salts present in the
water. It is normally expressed in milligrams per litre (mg/l) – the
concentration of calcium in the water. Water hardness is also increased by
water evaporation. Calcium hardness is important (particularly with in-ground
pools) because if there is not enough calcium in the water then the water will
try to find calcium from the pool's surroundings and fittings. This may cause
corrosion problems. On the other hand, too much calcium in the water will lead
to calcium deposits (scale formation). Your ideal calcium hardness level
should be between 250 and 500 mg/l (ppm).